Abstract

This paper investigates the impact of rainfall fluctuations on the production trends of major crops—cotton, soybean, and tur (pigeon pea)—in the Amravati Division of Maharashtra, India, from 2011 to 2023. Analysing annual production data across five districts (Akola, Amravati, Buldhana, Washim, and Yavatmal) in relation to rainfall patterns, the study reveals a significant correlation between climatic variability and crop yields. Soybean, cotton, and tur production exhibited considerable volatility, with sharp declines during low rainfall years and increases in periods of favourable precipitation. Buldhana and Amravati demonstrated better recovery trends, suggesting some level of crop adaptation, while Akola, Washim, and Yavatmal showed higher sensitivity to rainfall inconsistencies. The findings underscore the need for improved irrigation infrastructure, climate-resilient seed varieties, enhanced soil and water conservation techniques, and diversified cropping systems to foster long-term agricultural stability and mitigate the adverse effects of climate change in the region.