Abstract

This research paper examines different dimensions of poverty through the Multidimensional Poverty Index published by NITI Aayog for 2015-16 and 2019-21, based on NFHS-4 and NFHS-5 data. The study highlights disparities in MPI across Indian states over the two periods. At the national level, the Headcount Ratio declined from 24.85 percent to 14.96 percent and the MPI almost halved from 0.117 to 0.066. Despite national progress, considerable interregional disparities remain. Bihar recorded the highest MPI while Kerala maintained the lowest level. The study emphasizes that poverty extends beyond income and includes deprivation in health, education and living standards, requiring targeted policies suited to the diverse nature of poverty across Indian states.